fig8

Figure 8. Bioinspired hydrogel design and electronic architectures for biointegrated systems. (A) Design of a mucus-inspired ultra-stable hydrogel integrating ELR-IK24 proteins, tannic acid, and HDI to achieve acid buffering, wet adhesion, and enhanced structural stability^[196]. Copyright 2025, Elsevier; (B) Auxetic kirigami-based electronic architecture, where dumbbell-shaped kirigami patterns enable stretchable electronic interfaces integrating Au electrodes and PI layers on PDMS substrates for conformal biointegration and stable electrical performance^[198]. Copyright 2021, The American Association for the Advancement of Science. HDI: Hexamethylene diisocyanate; PI: polyimide; PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane; ELR: elastin-like recombinant.