fig1

Figure 1. Schematic of CRISPR-Cas12a-based EV-DNA mutation detection. EVs in plasma are immunocaptured onto anti-EpCAM antibody-grafted surfaces, followed by membrane fusion with LPs containing Cas12a-crRNA and FQ probes. When crRNA hybridizes with the DNA target, activated Cas12a can cleave FQ probes, resulting in fluorescence signals. Therefore, DNA mutation can be qualitatively detected with a typical microplate reader. EV: Extracellular vesicle; FQ: fluorescence-quenching; LPs: liposomes.