fig2

Figure 2. More advanced separation methods and future application directions between extracellular vesicles and viruses. (A) Schematic representation of virus removal from EVs through a combination method of SEC and 50% suspension of Protein A Agarose qEV columns (ref[61]). (B) Schematic representation of inhalation of the RBD-Exo VLP vaccine induces SARs-CoV-2 neutralization in hamsters and protects their lungs (ref[78]).